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Liver plays a major role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in mammals. Under fasting conditions, hepatic glucose production is critical as a source of fuel to maintain the basic functions in other tissues, including skeletal muscle, red blood cells, and the brain. Fasting hormones glucagon and cortisol play major roles during the process, in part by activating the transcription of key enzyme genes in the gluconeogenesis such as phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose 6phosphatase

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling is critical for regulating metabolic homeostasis in mammals. In particular, transcriptional regulation by cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and its coactivator, CREB-regulated transcription coactivator (CRTC), is essential for controlling the expression of critical enzymes in the metabolic process, leading to more chronic changes in metabolic flux. Among the CRTC isoforms, CRTC2 is predominantly expressed in peripheral tissues and has be

Glucose homeostasis is tightly regulated to meet the energy requirements of the vital organs and maintain an individual’s health. The liver has a major role in the control of glucose homeostasis by controlling various pathways of glucose metabolism, including glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Both the acute and chronic regulation of the enzymes involved in the pathways are required for the proper functioning of these complex interwoven systems. Allosteric control by v

Background: Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is a major enzyme responsible for the formation of methylargininein mammalian cells. Recent studies have revealed that PRMT1 plays important roles in the development of various tissues. However,its role in pancreas development has not yet been elucidated. Methods: Pancreatic progenitor cell-specific Prmt1 knock-out (Prmt1 PKO) mice were generated and characterized for theirmetabolic and histological phenotypes and their levels of Neurog3 g

Glucose homeostasis is tightly controlled by the regulation of glucose production in the liver and glucose uptake into peripheral tissues, such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Under prolonged fasting, hepatic gluconeogenesis is mainly responsible for glucose production in the liver, which is essential for tissues, organs, and cells, such as skeletal muscle, the brain, and red blood cells. Hepatic gluconeogenesis is controlled in part by the concerted actions of transcriptional regulators.

Fasting glucose metabolism in the liver is critical in maintaining energy homeostasis in mammals. To provide sufficientamounts of glucose in the bloodstream, a preferred fuel for most tissues, glucose production from the liver is activatedunder starvation conditions. Short-term fasting elicits the production of glucose from glycogen, a storage form of glucosein the liver, by activating glycogenolysis. Longer-term fasting or starvation also triggers the activation of de novo glucosesynthesis, or