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Topical TNF-α blockers effectively suppressed lacrimal gland and corneal inflammation by suppressing IFN-γ, IL-21, and IL-6. Differences in TNF-α affinity, clearance, and local concentration of blockers may account for the anti-inflammatory effects in different ocular regions.

PURPOSE: To investigate automated values from an advanced corneal topographer with a built-in real keratometer, color camera, and ocular surface interferometer for the evaluation of non-Sjögren dry eye syndrome (NSDES) with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). METHODS: Sixty-four patients (64 eyes) diagnosed with NSDES with MGD were enrolled. All eyes were evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), fluorescence staining score, tear film breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer test, and MGD gra

Abstract Accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in its earliest stage can prevent the disease and delay the symptoms. Therefore, more sensitive, non-invasive, and simple screening tools are required for the early diagnosis and monitoring of AD. Here, we design a self-assembled nanoparticle-mediated amplified fluorogenic immunoassay (SNAFIA) consisting of magnetic and fluorophore-loaded polymeric nanoparticles. Using a discovery cohort of 21 subjects, proteomic analysis identifies adenyly

Cyanobacterial toxins, especially the microcystins, are found in eutrophied waters throughout the world, and their potential to impact on human and animal health is a cause for concern. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is one of the common toxic microcystin congeners and occurs frequently in diverse water systems. Recent work suggested that apoptosis plays a major role in the toxic effects induced by MC-LR in hepatocytes. However, the roles of MC-LR in pancreatic beta cells have not been fully established

Increased surface roughness is an important physical factor for bacterial adhesion in Cos-CL, which may explain why rates of bacterial keratitis rates are higher in Cos-CL users in CL physical characteristics.

Purpose: To compare the changes in human tear proteome and clinical effects following topical cyclosporine A (CsA) 0.05% or diquafosol tetrasodium (DQS) 3% treatment of dry eye disease (DED), and to identify biomarkers for determining disease severity and treatment effectiveness in DED. Methods: A total of 18 patients were diagnosed with non-Sjögren DED. Nine patients in each group were treated with topical CsA 0.05% or DQS 3% for 4 weeks. Tear samples were collected after evaluation of tear bre

Topical COX-2/EP2 treatment reduces CCR7+CD11b+ cells on the ocular surface with inhibition of cellular LN homing and suppresses Th17 immune response, suggesting the COX-2/PGE2/EP axis contributes to immuno-inflammatory pathogenesis on the ocular surface and may be a novel therapeutic target in DE.

Recent studies have shown the expression of a stem cell marker protein, nestin, in nascent blood vessels in nestin-driven green fluorescent protein (ND-GFP) transgenic nude mice. In the present study, we visualized tumor angiogenesis and evaluated the antiangiogenic efficacy of CPT-11 in ND-GFP nude mice using dual-color fluorescence imaging. We orthotopically implanted ND-GFP nude mice with the human cancer cell line HCT-116 expressing red fluorescent protein (RFP). The mice were treated with C

Topical DQS and CsA not only ameliorated ocular surface inflammation under desiccating stress but also upregulated both MM and secretory mucins (SM) and contributed to conjunctival goblet cell recovery, compared to Reb and Pred. Both anti-inflammatory and secretory factors should be considered simultaneously when measuring the treatment effect of DE drugs.

We aimed to determine the clinical impact of conjunctivochalasis (CCh) and its correction using high-frequency radiowave electrosurgery (HFR-ES), for signs and symptoms of dry eye disease (DED). Forty patients diagnosed with symptomatic CCh were prospectively enrolled. As a result, patients with CCh had moderate to severe DED and most of them exhibited meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Corneo-conjunctival fluorescein staining score (CFS) and all lid-parallel-conjunctival-folds scores (LIPCOFs)

Previous reports have shown possible association between altered protein levels in aqueous humor (AH) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), but the underlying pathogenetic mechanism as well as specific molecular biomarkers for NTG remains still elusive. Here, we aimed to identify novel biomarkers for advanced NTG by analyzing the proteome of patient-derived AH and their correlation with various functional and structural parameters from the visual field test (VF), optical coherence tomography (OCT),

Lowering laser energy levels can improve surface quality of the lenticule of SMILE. To achieve better visual outcomes with faster recovery after the procedure, it is recommended to reduce the laser energy to less than 115 nJ at a spot separation of 4.5 μm. [J Refract Surg. 2017;33(9):617-624.].