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[论文解读] Value, Variety and Viability: Designing For Co-creation in a Complex System of Direct and Indirect (goods) Service Value Proposition

Irene C. L. Ng, Gerard Briscoe|arXiv (Cornell University)|Nov 11, 2011
Service and Product Innovation参考文献 50被引用 6
一句话总结

本文提出了一种以价值为核心的框架,用于在复杂的B2B服务系统中设计协同共创,通过整合直接(基于产品)和间接(基于服务)的价值主张。研究证明,企业通过战略性地平衡直接服务提供的可扩展性与间接服务在多样性吸收和情感价值方面的优势,可提升可行性与多维度的价值共创。该研究采用可行系统方法,对社会技术系统进行重构。

ABSTRACT

While service-dominant logic proposes that all "Goods are a distribution mechanism for service provision" (FP3), there is a need to understand when and why a firm would utilise direct or indirect (goods) service provision, and the interactions between them, to co-create value with the customer. Three longitudinal case studies in B2B equipment-based 'complex service' systems were analysed to gain an understanding of customers' co-creation activities to achieve outcomes. We found the nature of value, degree of contextual variety and the firm's legacy viability to be viability threats. To counter this, the firm uses (a) Direct Service Provision for Scalability and Replicability, (b) Indirect Service Provision for variety absorption and co-creating emotional value and customer experience and (c) designing direct and indirect provision for Scalability and Absorptive Resources of the customer. The co-creation of complex multidimensional value could be delivered through different value propositions of the firm. The research proposes a value-centric way of understanding the interactions between direct and indirect service provision in the design of the firm's value proposition and proposes a viable systems approach towards reorganising the firm. The study provides a way for managers to understand the effectiveness (rather than efficiency) of the firm in co-creating value as a major issue in the design of complex socio-technical systems. Goods are often designed within the domain of engineering and product design, often placing human activity as a supporting role to the equipment. Through an SDLogic lens, this study considers the design of both equipment and human activity on an equal footing for value co-creation with the customer, and it yielded interesting results on when direct provisioning (goods) should be redesigned, considering all activities equally.

研究动机与目标

  • 理解企业在复杂的B2B设备型服务系统中,何时以及为何应采用直接服务提供与间接服务提供。
  • 识别价值共创、情境多样性与组织可行性之间的相互作用,作为系统性威胁。
  • 开发一个设计框架,将产品与服务平等地整合于价值共创之中,基于服务主导逻辑。
  • 提出一种可行系统方法,用于重组企业,以维持长期的价值共创有效性。
  • 将关注点从效率转向社会技术系统中价值共创的有效性。

提出的方法

  • 在B2B复杂服务系统中开展三项纵向案例研究,分析客户协同共创行为及其结果。
  • 应用服务主导(S-D)逻辑,将产品与服务视为协同共创的平等机制。
  • 采用可行系统方法建模企业重组,强调可扩展性与吸收能力。
  • 分析直接服务(用于可扩展性与可复制性)与间接服务(用于多样性吸收与情感价值)之间的互动。
  • 绘制直接与间接渠道中的价值主张,评估其在多维度价值交付中的作用。
  • 评估遗留可行性作为系统性约束,并提出设计干预措施以缓解其影响。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在B2B设备型服务系统中,直接服务与间接服务提供如何协同共创复杂且多维度的价值?
  • RQ2情境多样性在多大程度上会削弱企业可行性,以及如何通过服务设计吸收这种多样性?
  • RQ3遗留可行性在多大程度上制约了有效价值共创,企业如何重构其系统以克服这一障碍?
  • RQ4在何种情况下应重新设计直接服务提供(产品)以支持协同共创,以及如何将其与间接服务活动对齐?
  • RQ5企业如何通过整合的直接与间接价值主张,实现可扩展性与情感价值共创的协同设计?

主要发现

  • 当情境多样性超过吸收能力时,企业面临可行性威胁,尤其在复杂服务系统中更为显著。
  • 直接服务提供可实现可扩展性与可复制性,支持在多个客户间实现标准化价值交付。
  • 间接服务提供对于吸收多样性、协同共创情感价值与客户体验至关重要。
  • 当直接与间接服务系统协同设计而非孤立设计时,多维度价值共创最为有效。
  • 遗留可行性——源于历史运营模式——可能制约创新与协同共创过程中的响应能力。
  • 可行系统方法使企业能够重组其价值主张,从而增强协同共创在有效性与可持续性方面的表现。

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