[论文解读] A Contemporary Survey on 6G Wireless Networks: Potentials, Recent Advances, Technical Challenges and Future Trends

Syed Agha Hassnain Mohsan, Yanlong Li|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jun 14, 2023

Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies被引用 5

一句话总结

本综述对6G无线网络进行了全面分析，识别出太赫兹通信、可见光通信（VLC）、量子通信和全息通信等关键技术。它提出了涵盖计算、网络和通信技术的分类体系，概述了技术挑战，并提出了未来研究方向，以指导可持续且无缝的6G发展。

ABSTRACT

Smart services based on Internet of everything (IoE) are prophesied to reap notable attention by both academia and industry in the future. Although fifth-generation (5G) is a promising communication technology, however it cannot fulfill complete demands of novel applications. Sixth-generation (6G) technology is envisaged to overcome limitations of 5G technology. The vision and planning of future 6G network has been started with this aim to meet the stringent requirements of mobile communication. Our aim is to explore recent advances and potential challenges to enable 6G technology in this review. We have devised a taxonomy based on computing technologies, networking technologies, communication technologies, use cases, machine learning algorithms and key enabler technologies. In this regard, we subsequently highlight potential features and key areas of 6G. Key technological breakthroughs which include quantum communication, tactile communication, holographic communication, terahertz communication, visible light communication (VLC) Internet of Bio Nano Things, which can put profound impact on wireless communication, have been elaborated at length in this review. In this review, our prime focus is to discuss potential enabling technologies which can develop seamless and sustainable network, encompassing symbiotic radio, blockchain, new communication paradigm, VLC and terahertz. In addition, we have investigated open research challenges which can hamper the performance of 6G network. Finally, we have outlined several practical considerations, 6G key projects and future directions. We envision 6G undergoing unprecedented breakthroughs to eliminate technical uncertainties and provide enlightening research directions for subsequent future studies. Although it is impossible to envisage complete details of 6G, we believe this study will pave the way for future research work.

研究动机与目标

• 识别并分析从5G过渡到6G无线网络所需的技术进步。
• 解决5G在支持下一代应用（如万物互联（IoE））方面的局限性。
• 提出涵盖计算、网络、通信和机器学习的6G技术结构化分类体系。
• 突出新兴使能技术（如太赫兹通信、VLC和区块链）在面向未来6G网络中的作用。
• 概述实现可持续且无缝6G系统所需的实际考虑与开放研究挑战。

提出的方法

• 基于计算、网络、通信、应用场景、机器学习和关键技术使能者，构建了多维分类体系。
• 回顾了太赫兹通信、全息通信和可见光通信（VLC）在高速率无线传输方面的最新进展。
• 分析了协同式无线电等新兴范式及新型通信模式，以提升频谱效率和能量效率。
• 评估了区块链在保障6G网络安全和实现去中心化运营中的作用。
• 探索了量子通信与生物纳米物联网（IoBNT）的集成，作为变革性使能技术。
• 基于技术、架构和实际约束，综合归纳了开放研究挑战与未来方向。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 哪些关键技术使能者能够克服5G的局限性并支持6G的愿景？
• RQ2 如何将太赫兹通信、VLC和量子通信等新兴技术整合到6G网络中？
• RQ3 阻碍6G无线网络部署的主要技术挑战是什么？
• RQ4 如何利用机器学习和人工智能优化6G网络性能与可扩展性？
• RQ5 实现可持续且无缝6G系统的实际考虑与未来研究方向是什么？

主要发现

• 太赫兹通信可实现超高速率，是满足6G峰值容量需求的核心技术。
• 可见光通信（VLC）为室内高速、安全且频谱高效的传输提供了有前景的替代方案。
• 全息通信与触觉通信正成为沉浸式和实时应用的关键特征。
• 量子通信与区块链被识别为提升6G安全性和可靠性的变革性技术。
• 协同式无线电与新型通信范式被证明可提升频谱效率并降低网络复杂度。
• 仍存在若干开放挑战，包括硬件限制、太赫兹频段的信号传播问题，以及异构技术的集成难题。