[Paper Review] A holographic charged preon model

T. R. Mongan|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jan 23, 2008

Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies9 references3 citations

TL;DR

This paper proposes a holographic charged preon model where Standard Model (SM) particles emerge from one-dimensional strands encoding (0,1) bits of information with fractional electric charge. The model uses non-local, finite-energy preons and three-preon bound states via Bethe-Salpeter equations to reproduce SM fermions and bosons, naturally generating baryon asymmetry and stationary action, while being falsifiable by LHC data due to its three-generation limit and axion-free mechanism.

ABSTRACT

The Standard Model (SM) is a successful approach to particle physics calculations. However, there are indications that the SM is only a good approximation to an underlying non-local reality involving fundamental entities (preons) that are not point particles. Furthermore, our universe seems to be dominated by a vacuum energy/cosmological constant. The holographic principle then indicates only a finite number of bits of information will ever be available to describe the observable universe, and that requires a holographic preon model linking the (0,1) holographic bits to SM particles. All SM particles have charges 0, 1/3, 2/3 or 1 in units of the electron charge, so the bits in a holographic preon model must be identified with fractional electric charge. Such holographic charged preon models require baryon asymmetry and also suggest a mechanism for stationary action. This paper outlines a holographic charged preon model where preons are strands with finite energy density specified by bits of information identifying the charge on each end. In the model, SM particles consist of three strands with spin states corresponding to wrapped states of the strands. SM particles in this wrapped preon model can be approximated by preon bound states in non-local dynamics based on three-preon Bethe-Salpeter equations with instantaneous three-preon interactions. The model can be falsified by data from the Large Hadron Collider because it generates baryon asymmetry without axions, and does not allow more than three generations of SM fermions.

Motivation & Objective

• To develop a holographic preon model that reconciles the Standard Model with the holographic principle and finite information content of the universe.
• To explain the origin of fractional electric charges (0, 1/3, 2/3, 1) in SM particles through bits of information on the cosmological horizon.
• To derive baryon asymmetry and stationary action from a non-local, finite-dimensional theory based on preon strands with finite energy density.
• To construct a preon model that avoids infinities and is consistent with the de Sitter universe and cosmological constant.

Proposed method

• The model identifies each (0,1) bit on the de Sitter horizon with a preon strand end carrying fractional charge e/3n, where n is an integer.
• Preons are modeled as one-dimensional strands with finite energy density, and SM particles arise as three-strand bound states via non-local dynamics.
• The dynamics are governed by three-preon Bethe-Salpeter equations with instantaneous interactions, approximating SM fermions and bosons as wrapped preon configurations.
• The action principle is applied to the holographic screen (HSS), with the action on the HSS being stationary, leading to field equations derived via calculus of variations.
• Energy transfer between bits on the HSS, with energy difference 2Ed = ħc/Ru, enforces stationary action and links bit transitions to physical dynamics.
• The model uses the Planck scale to discretize the HSS into pixels of area 4δ²ln2, with each bit's Lagrangian density given by ℒi = ℒ′ ± Ed.

Experimental results

Research questions

• RQ1 How can the holographic principle be used to derive a finite, non-local preon model for SM particles with fractional charges?
• RQ2 Can baryon asymmetry emerge naturally from a charge-neutral, holographic preon theory without invoking axions?
• RQ3 How does the principle of stationary action arise from discrete bit transitions on the cosmological horizon?
• RQ4 What is the role of preon strand topology and wrapping in reproducing SM fermion and boson states?
• RQ5 Can the model be falsified by LHC data, particularly regarding the number of SM fermion generations and the absence of axions?

Key findings

• The model generates baryon asymmetry naturally through unequal energy states of (0,1) bits, consistent with observed matter dominance.
• The number of SM fermion generations is limited to three, as the model does not allow more than three preon bound states with the required quantum numbers.
• Stationary action emerges from energy transfer between bits on the holographic screen, with time steps tied to Planck-scale intervals.
• The model predicts no axions, providing a falsifiable distinction from other baryogenesis mechanisms.
• The total number of bits of information in the observable universe is N = 5×10¹²², derived from the de Sitter horizon area in Planck units.
• SM particles are modeled as three-strand bound states with spin arising from topological wrapping, consistent with Bilson-Thompson’s preon model.