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[论文解读] Poisson Cluster Process Based Analysis of HetNets with Correlated User and Base Station Locations

Mehrnaz Afshang, Harpreet S. Dhillon|arXiv (Cornell University)|Dec 21, 2016
Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization参考文献 52被引用 5
一句话总结

本文提出一种泊松聚类过程模型,用于分析具有相关用户与小型基站(SBS)位置的异构网络(HetNets),其中SBS部署于用户热点区域。通过将用户与SBS聚类于泊松分布的热点中心周围,研究推导了在两种关联策略下的覆盖概率与吞吐量,表明若适当管理干扰,在聚类内多个SBS复用同一资源块可提升吞吐量,而不会严重降低覆盖性能。

ABSTRACT

This paper develops a new approach to the modeling and analysis of HetNets that accurately incorporates coupling across the locations of users and base stations, which exists due to the deployment of small cell base stations (SBSs) at the places of high user density (termed user hotspots in this paper). Modeling the locations of the geographical centers of user hotspots as a homogeneous Poisson Point Process (PPP), we assume that the users and SBSs are clustered around each user hotspot center independently with two different distributions. The macrocell base station (BS) locations are modeled by an independent PPP. This model is consistent with the user and SBS configurations considered by 3GPP. Using this model, we study the performance of a typical user in terms of coverage probability and throughput for two association policies: i) Policy 1, under which a typical user is served by the open-access BS that provides maximum averaged received power, and ii) Policy 2, under which the typical user is served by the small cell tier if the maximum averaged received power from the open-access SBSs is greater than a certain power threshold; and macro tier otherwise. A key intermediate step in our analysis is the derivation of distance distributions from a typical user to the open-access and closed-access interfering SBSs. Our analysis demonstrates that as the number of SBSs reusing the same resource block increases, coverage probability decreases whereas throughput increases. Therefore, contrary to the usual assumption of orthogonal channelization, it is reasonable to assign the same resource block to multiple SBSs in a given cluster as long as the coverage probability remains acceptable. This approach to HetNet modeling and analysis significantly generalizes the state-of-the-art approaches that are based on modeling the locations of BSs and users by independent PPPs.

研究动机与目标

  • 为解决现有HetNet模型假设用户与基站(BS)位置独立的局限性,该假设无法捕捉真实世界以用户为中心的部署模式。
  • 开发一种可分析的随机几何框架,利用泊松聚类过程建模用户热点与SBS部署之间的耦合关系。
  • 在以用户为中心的HetNets中,针对两种现实的用户关联策略,分析关键性能指标——覆盖概率与吞吐量。
  • 量化在聚类内多个SBS复用同一资源块时,干扰与频谱效率之间的权衡。

提出的方法

  • 将用户热点的地理中心建模为齐次泊松点过程(PPP),用户与SBS分别使用不同的空间分布独立聚类于各中心。
  • 将宏基站(BS)建模为独立的PPP,确保模型与3GPP部署假设一致。
  • 利用随机几何工具推导典型用户到干扰的开放接入与闭锁接入SBS的距离分布。
  • 利用干扰分布的拉普拉斯变换,分析不同关联策略下聚类内与聚间干扰。
  • 应用PPP的概率生成泛函(PGFL)计算远处聚类带来的聚间干扰的拉普拉斯变换。
  • 基于服务BS类型(宏站或小小区)进行条件分析,推导在策略1(最大平均接收功率)与策略2(基于功率阈值的宏站回退)下的覆盖与吞吐量表达式。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1用户与SBS位置之间的相关性如何影响HetNets中的覆盖概率与吞吐量?
  • RQ2在聚类内多个SBS复用同一资源块对网络性能有何影响?
  • RQ3基于最大平均接收功率与基于功率阈值的两种用户关联策略,在覆盖与频谱效率方面如何比较?
  • RQ4能否有效管理聚类内多个SBS的干扰,从而在不降低覆盖性能的前提下实现资源复用?
  • RQ5与独立PPP模型相比,使用泊松聚类过程建模以用户为中心的HetNets在分析可 tractability 上有何优势?

主要发现

  • 随着复用同一资源块的SBS数量增加,由于干扰加剧,覆盖概率下降,但因频谱复用效率提高,吞吐量上升。
  • 只要覆盖概率保持可接受水平,聚类内多个SBS复用资源块是可行且有益的,挑战了传统正交信道化假设。
  • 所提出的泊松聚类过程模型能准确捕捉以用户为中心部署中用户与SBS位置之间的耦合关系,而这种关系在独立PPP模型中缺失。
  • 通过基于服务BS的条件分析,并结合典型用户到干扰SBS的距离分布,推导出聚类内干扰的拉普拉斯变换。
  • 利用PPP的PGFL对聚间干扰进行建模,实现了对远处聚类干扰的可分析处理。
  • 分析表明,策略2(基于阈值的宏站回退)在覆盖与频谱效率之间实现了良好平衡,尤其在高密度热点区域表现更优。

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