[论文解读] Decode-and-Forward Based Differential Modulation for Cooperative Communication System with Unitary and Non-Unitary Constellations
本文提出了一种最大似然(ML)译码器和一种低复杂度分段线性(PL)译码器,用于基于解码与转发(DF)协作通信系统中采用复数单位与非单位星座图的差分调制。PL译码器在显著降低复杂度的同时实现了完整的二阶分集增益,从而在接收端无需信道状态信息的情况下实现可靠高速传输。
In this paper, we derive a maximum likelihood (ML) decoder of the differential data in a decode-and-forward (DF) based cooperative communication system utilizing uncoded transmissions. This decoder is applicable to complex-valued unitary and non-unitary constellations suitable for differential modulation. The ML decoder helps in improving the diversity of the DF based differential cooperative system using an erroneous relaying node. We also derive a piecewise linear (PL) decoder of the differential data transmitted in the DF based cooperative system. The proposed PL decoder significantly reduces the decoding complexity as compared to the proposed ML decoder without any significant degradation in the receiver performance. Existing ML and PL decoders of the differentially modulated uncoded data in the DF based cooperative communication system are only applicable to binary modulated signals like binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and binary frequency shift keying (BFSK), whereas, the proposed decoders are applicable to complex-valued unitary and non-unitary constellations suitable for differential modulation under uncoded transmissions. We derive a closedform expression of the uncoded average symbol error rate (SER) of the proposed PL decoder with M-PSK constellation in a cooperative communication system with a single relay and one source-destination pair. An approximate average SER by ignoring higher order noise terms is also derived for this set-up. It is analytically shown on the basis of the derived approximate SER that the proposed PL decoder provides full diversity of second order. In addition, we also derive approximate SER of the differential DF system with multiple relays at asymptotically high signal-to-noise ratio of the source-relay links.
研究动机与目标
- 解决在使用高阶复数星座图的基于DF的协作系统中,差分调制缺乏有效译码器的问题。
- 在保持高分集增益的同时,降低基于差分调制的DF协作系统中的译码复杂度。
- 将现有ML与PL译码器(此前仅限于BPSK与BFSK等二进制调制)扩展至复数单位与非单位星座图。
- 推导符号误码率(SER)的闭式表达式,并证明所提PL译码器的分集阶数。
- 验证PL译码器在单中继与多中继协作系统中均达到最大可能的分集增益。
提出的方法
- 推导了在非编码传输条件下,基于DF协作系统中使用复数单位与非单位星座图的差分数据的最大似然(ML)译码器。
- 提出一种分段线性(PL)译码器,与ML译码器相比显著降低了译码复杂度,同时保持了优异性能。
- 采用二次高斯混合模型对目的节点的判决统计量进行建模,从而推导出误码概率表达式。
- 通过渐近分析与近似方法,推导出PL译码器在M-PSK星座图下的平均符号误码率(SER)的闭式表达式。
- 利用不完全伽马函数与关联拉盖尔多项式等特殊函数,对SER项进行解析表达。
- 通过仿真验证理论SER表达式的准确性,并在单中继与多中继场景中展示了分集增益。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1能否为基于DF的协作系统中使用复数单位与非单位星座图的差分调制推导出最大似然译码器?
- RQ2能否设计一种低复杂度的PL译码器,在保持高性能的同时降低计算负载?
- RQ3所提出的PL译码器在采用M-PSK调制的单中继DF协作系统中是否实现了完整的二阶分集增益?
- RQ4在单中继配置下,PL译码器在M-PSK星座图下的近似平均符号误码率(SER)是多少?
- RQ5在源-中继链路高信噪比条件下,PL译码器在多中继DF协作系统中是否实现了最大分集增益?
主要发现
- 所提出的PL译码器在采用M-PSK星座图的单中继DF协作系统中实现了完整的二阶分集增益,该结论通过推导出的近似SER表达式得到理论证明。
- 推导出了PL译码器在M-PSK星座图下的近似SER的闭式表达式,使得性能评估无需依赖蒙特卡洛仿真。
- PL译码器在引入可忽略性能损失的前提下,显著降低了译码复杂度,相比ML译码器优势明显。
- 仿真结果证实,在源-中继链路高信噪比条件下,PL译码器在多中继DF协作系统中实现了最大可能的分集阶数。
- 所推导的SER表达式具有高精度,数值结果与仿真曲线高度吻合。
- 所提出的译码器将差分调制在基于DF的协作系统中的适用范围扩展至高阶星座图,实现了频谱效率的提升。
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