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[论文解读] On Outage Probability and Diversity-Multiplexing Tradeoff in MIMO Relay Channels

Sergey Loyka, Georgy Levin|Feb 25, 2011
Cooperative Communication and Network Coding参考文献 20被引用 4
一句话总结

本文推导了在独立同分布和相关瑞利衰落信道下,单天线中继的MIMO中继信道的闭式中断概率表达式,并分析了分集-复用权衡(DMT)。研究发现,尽管额外的发射或接收天线不会改变信噪比渐近下的DMT,但在有限信噪比下,增加发射天线可显著提升中断性能,甚至可替代完整的中继处理能力——在10⁻³中断概率下可获得高达10 dB的信噪比增益。

ABSTRACT

Fading MIMO relay channels are studied analytically, when the source and destination are equipped with multiple antennas and the relays have a single one. Compact closed-form expressions are obtained for the outage probability under i.i.d. and correlated Rayleigh-fading links. Low-outage approximations are derived, which reveal a number of insights, including the impact of correlation, of the number of antennas, of relay noise and of relaying protocol. The effect of correlation is shown to be negligible, unless the channel becomes almost fully correlated. The SNR loss of relay fading channels compared to the AWGN channel is quantified. The SNR-asymptotic diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) is obtained for a broad class of fading distributions, including, as special cases, Rayleigh, Rice, Nakagami, Weibull, which may be non-identical, spatially correlated and/or non-zero mean. The DMT is shown to depend not on a particular fading distribution, but rather on its polynomial behavior near zero, and is the same for the simple "amplify-and-forward" protocol and more complicated "decode-and-forward" one with capacity achieving codes, i.e. the full processing capability at the relay does not help to improve the DMT. There is however a significant difference between the SNR-asymptotic DMT and the finite-SNR outage performance: while the former is not improved by using an extra antenna on either side, the latter can be significantly improved and, in particular, an extra antenna can be traded-off for a full processing capability at the relay. The results are extended to the multi-relay channels with selection relaying and typical outage events are identified.

研究动机与目标

  • 推导在非同分布且相关瑞利衰落信道下,单天线中继MIMO中继信道的中断概率的紧凑闭式表达式。
  • 量化有限信噪比下的中断性能及其与天线配置、中继噪声和相关性的依赖关系。
  • 为包括非同分布、相关及非瑞利衰落在内的广泛衰落分布类建立信噪比渐近下的分集-复用权衡(DMT)。
  • 从DMT和有限信噪比中断角度,比较放大转发(AF)与解码转发(DF)协议的性能。
  • 将结果扩展至多中继选择合并系统,并识别关键中断事件与性能权衡。

提出的方法

  • 通过基于特征值的信道容量分析,推导出单天线中继MIMO中继信道的精确闭式中断概率表达式。
  • 应用低中断近似方法,以揭示相关性、信噪比、中继噪声及中继协议对性能的影响。
  • 通过分析衰落分布在零附近的多项式行为,为一般衰落分布建立信噪比渐近下的DMT。
  • 利用多中继之间的选择合并技术提升分集增益,中断概率表示为各中继链路中断概率的乘积。
  • 比较AF与DF协议,表明完整中继处理能力虽不提升DMT,但可显著改善有限信噪比下的中断性能。
  • 量化相对于AWGN的信噪比损失,并在特定条件下证明其等价于最大比合并。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1衰落信道各链路之间的相关性如何影响MIMO中继信道的中断概率与有限信噪比性能?
  • RQ2尽管DMT相同,额外的发射天线与接收天线对有限信噪比中断概率有何不同影响?
  • RQ3与放大转发(AF)相比,中继处具备完整处理能力(如DF)是否能提升分集-复用权衡(DMT)?
  • RQ4在选择合并下,中断性能如何随中继数量增加而变化?
  • RQ5信噪比渐近DMT框架在多大程度上无法捕捉系统设计选择带来的有限信噪比性能增益?

主要发现

  • 信噪比渐近下的DMT在AF与DF协议间完全相同,表明无论衰落分布如何,完整中继处理能力均无法提升DMT。
  • 通过增加一个发射天线,有限信噪比下的中断性能可显著改善,甚至可替代完整中继处理能力,使10⁻³中断概率下的信噪比增益最高达10 dB。
  • 随着信噪比增加,1×1与2×1 MIMO中继信道之间中断概率的比值趋于无界,表明额外发射天线在有限信噪比下具有显著优势。
  • 除非信道几乎完全相关(此情况罕见),否则链路间的相关性影响可忽略不计。
  • 在瑞利衰落下,N个中继的选择合并系统中断概率随N指数下降,分集阶数为N×min(m,n)。
  • 多中继选择合并系统的DMT为各独立DMT之和;若两链路DMT的最小值保持不变,则单侧增加天线数无法提升DMT。

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