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[论文解读] A physics-informed variational DeepONet for predicting the crack path in brittle materials

Somdatta Goswami, Minglang Yin|arXiv (Cornell University)|Aug 16, 2021
Model Reduction and Neural Networks参考文献 43被引用 15
一句话总结

该论文提出了一种物理信息变分深度算子网络(V-DeepONet),通过将相场断裂的变分公式与深度算子网络相结合,实现对脆性材料中裂纹路径的快速且精确预测。V-DeepONet利用物理定律(通过PDE的弱形式)和有限标注数据进行训练,在多种初始裂纹构型和加载条件下均实现了优异的插值与外推性能,优于当前最先进的代理模型。

ABSTRACT

Failure trajectories, identifying the probable failure zones, and damage statistics are some of the key quantities of relevance in brittle fracture applications. High-fidelity numerical solvers that reliably estimate these relevant quantities exist but they are computationally demanding requiring a high resolution of the crack. Moreover, independent intensive simulations need to be carried out even for a small change in domain parameters and/or material properties. Therefore, fast and generalizable surrogate models are needed to alleviate the computational burden but the discontinuous nature of fracture mechanics presents a major challenge to developing such models. We propose a physics-informed variational formulation of DeepONet (V-DeepONet) for brittle fracture analysis. V-DeepONet is trained to map the initial configuration of the defect to the relevant fields of interests (e.g., damage and displacement fields). Once the network is trained, the entire global solution can be rapidly obtained for any initial crack configuration and loading steps on that domain. While the original DeepONet is solely data-driven, we take a different path to train the V-DeepONet by imposing the governing equations in variational form and we also use some labelled data. We demonstrate the effectiveness of V-DeepOnet through two benchmarks of brittle fracture, and we verify its accuracy using results from high-fidelity solvers. Encoding the physical laws and also some data to train the network renders the surrogate model capable of accurately performing both interpolation and extrapolation tasks, considering that fracture modeling is very sensitive to fluctuations. The proposed hybrid training of V-DeepONet is superior to state-of-the-art methods and can be applied to a wide array of dynamical systems with complex responses.

研究动机与目标

  • 为解决脆性材料中高保真断裂模拟的高计算成本问题。
  • 克服断裂力学中不连续、敏感响应对代理建模带来的挑战。
  • 开发一种快速、可泛化且精确的代理模型,用于在不同初始条件和材料参数下预测裂纹路径。
  • 将物理定律(通过变分公式)和有限数据整合到深度算子网络中,以提升泛化能力。
  • 在工程应用中实现高效不确定性量化与预测,且几乎无需重新训练。

提出的方法

  • 利用控制PDE的弱形式导出的变分能量泛函,对相场断裂问题进行公式化。
  • 采用具有独立分支网络和主干网络的DeepONet架构进行训练:分支网络编码初始裂纹构型及历史信息,主干网络将输入映射到评估点的解场。
  • 实施混合损失函数,结合物理约束(变分能量最小化)和来自高保真模拟的标注数据。
  • 使用Xavier初始化网络权重,并通过基于梯度的方法优化损失,以学习将初始条件映射到全场响应的解算子Gθ。
  • 通过将预测的能量状态作为后续时间步的输入,实现裂纹演化的顺序预测。
  • 使用高保真等几何分析(IGA)模拟作为真实值验证性能。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1基于极少标注数据的物理信息DeepONet模型能否准确预测脆性材料中的裂纹路径?
  • RQ2V-DeepONet在未见的分布外初始裂纹构型和加载步长下泛化能力如何?
  • RQ3控制方程的变分公式是否能提升深度算子网络在断裂预测中的稳定性和准确性?
  • RQ4与纯数据驱动或残差型PINN方法相比,混合训练(物理定律+数据)在断裂建模中的表现如何?
  • RQ5该模型能否高效地实现多步加载下裂纹演化的顺序预测?

主要发现

  • V-DeepONet在基准测试中对裂纹路径和位移场的预测精度极高,与高保真IGA模拟相比,相对L2误差低于5%。
  • 该模型在训练期间未见过的分布外初始裂纹构型(如lc = 0.65 mm)上表现出有效泛化,展现出强大的外推能力。
  • 混合训练策略——结合变分能量最小化与标注数据——显著优于纯物理信息或仅依赖数据的方法。
  • 模型在训练完成后仅需一次前向传播即可成功预测全场解(相场、位移),从而实现对多样化初始条件的快速模拟。
  • 在多孔介质流动基准测试中,V-DeepONet优于残差型DeepONets,后者未能收敛到准确解,凸显了变分公式的优越性。
  • 该方法可通过快速生成新初始条件下的解,实现快速不确定性量化与预测,而无需重新运行高保真模拟。

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