[Paper Review] Quantitative Calculations of Decrease of Entropy in Thermodynamics of Microstructure and Sufficient-Necessary Condition of Decrease of Entropy in Isolated System

Yi‐Fang Chang|ArXiv.org|May 1, 2009

Complex Systems and Dynamics4 references3 citations

TL;DR

This paper presents quantitative calculations of entropy decrease in isolated systems through thermodynamics of microstructure, demonstrating that internal interactions are necessary for entropy reduction. It establishes a sufficient-necessary condition for entropy decrease, challenging the traditional second law by showing that symmetry and internal forces enable local entropy reduction without violating thermodynamic principles, with applications to ordering and nucleation phenomena.

ABSTRACT

Firstly, we calculate quantitatively decrease of entropy by the known formulas in the ordering phenomena and nucleation of thermodynamics of microstructure. They show again that a necessary condition of decrease of entropy in isolated system is existence of internal interactions. Further, sufficient and necessary condition of decrease of entropy is also discussed quantitatively. Then some possible decreases of entropy are researched. A complete symmetrical structure on change of entropy is obtained. The analysis for many experiments and theories shows that the second law of the thermodynamics should be developed.

Motivation & Objective

• To quantitatively analyze entropy decrease in isolated systems using known thermodynamic formulas from microstructure phenomena.
• To determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for entropy reduction in isolated systems, particularly focusing on internal interactions.
• To investigate possible entropy decreases in physical systems such as ordering and nucleation processes.
• To propose a revised interpretation of the second law of thermodynamics that accommodates local entropy reduction under specific symmetry and interaction conditions.
• To establish a complete symmetric framework for entropy change in thermodynamic processes.

Proposed method

• Utilizes established thermodynamic formulas from microstructure theory to calculate entropy changes during ordering and nucleation processes.
• Applies quantitative analysis to assess the role of internal interactions in enabling entropy decrease in isolated systems.
• Derives a sufficient-necessary condition for entropy decrease based on symmetry and internal force configurations.
• Analyzes experimental and theoretical data to validate the proposed condition for entropy reduction.
• Constructs a symmetric model of entropy change across thermodynamic processes, emphasizing conservation and reversibility under defined conditions.
• Uses mathematical formulation to show that entropy decrease is possible only when internal interactions satisfy specific symmetry constraints.

Experimental results

Research questions

• RQ1 What conditions must be met for entropy to decrease in an isolated thermodynamic system?
• RQ2 How can entropy decrease be quantitatively calculated in microstructure phenomena such as ordering and nucleation?
• RQ3 What is the role of internal interactions in enabling entropy reduction in isolated systems?
• RQ4 Can the second law of thermodynamics be extended to include local entropy decreases under specific symmetry and interaction conditions?
• RQ5 What symmetric structure governs the change of entropy in thermodynamic processes?

Key findings

• Entropy decrease in isolated systems is quantitatively calculable using known formulas from microstructure thermodynamics, particularly in ordering and nucleation processes.
• Internal interactions are identified as a necessary condition for any entropy decrease in isolated systems.
• A sufficient and necessary condition for entropy decrease is derived, based on the presence of specific internal forces and symmetry in the system.
• The analysis reveals a complete symmetric structure in entropy change, indicating that entropy behavior is governed by balanced, reversible processes under defined constraints.
• The study suggests that the second law of thermodynamics requires extension to account for local entropy reduction when internal interactions and symmetry are present.
• The results are consistent with experimental observations and theoretical models, supporting the validity of the proposed condition for entropy decrease.