[Paper Review] The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report - Volume 4: Detectors

T. Behnke, J. E. Brau+7 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jun 26, 2013

Particle Detector Development and Performance4 citations

TL;DR

This paper presents the technical design of two high-performance detectors, ILD and SiD, for the International Linear Collider (ILC), a proposed 500 GeV electron-positron collider using superconducting radio-frequency technology. The detectors are designed for a 'push-pull' configuration to share luminosity, enabling precise measurements of Higgs boson properties and new physics at the Z⁰ pole and 1 TeV energy, with no unresolved technical barriers identified.

ABSTRACT

The International Linear Collider Technical Design Report (TDR) describes in four volumes the physics case and the design of a 500 GeV centre-of-mass energy linear electron-positron collider based on superconducting radio-frequency technology using Niobium cavities as the accelerating structures. The accelerator can be extended to 1 TeV and also run as a Higgs factory at around 250 GeV and on the Z0 pole. A comprehensive value estimate of the accelerator is give, together with associated uncertainties. It is shown that no significant technical issues remain to be solved. Once a site is selected and the necessary site-dependent engineering is carried out, construction can begin immediately. The TDR also gives baseline documentation for two high-performance detectors that can share the ILC luminosity by being moved into and out of the beam line in a "push-pull" configuration. These detectors, ILD and SiD, are described in detail. They form the basis for a world-class experimental programme that promises to increase significantly our understanding of the fundamental processes that govern the evolution of the Universe.

Motivation & Objective

• To define the technical design of two high-performance detectors, ILD and SiD, for the International Linear Collider (ILC).
• To enable a world-class experimental programme by providing detectors capable of precise measurements of Higgs boson properties and new physics at the Z⁰ pole and 1 TeV energy.
• To demonstrate that no significant technical issues remain to be solved for the ILC accelerator and detector systems.
• To establish a baseline documentation for detector performance and integration with the ILC's push-pull operational configuration.
• To support the physics case for the ILC by detailing detector capabilities for precision measurements and discovery potential.

Proposed method

• Design two complementary detectors, ILD (International Large Detector) and SiD (Silicon Detector), optimized for high-precision measurements at the ILC.
• Implement a 'push-pull' configuration allowing both detectors to be moved into and out of the beam line to share luminosity.
• Utilize superconducting radio-frequency technology with niobium cavities as the primary accelerating structure in the ILC.
• Integrate advanced tracking, calorimetry, and vertexing systems in both detectors to achieve high resolution and particle identification.
• Perform comprehensive performance simulations and system integration studies to validate detector capabilities.
• Ensure compatibility with ILC operating modes, including 250 GeV Higgs factory and 1 TeV high-energy operation.

Experimental results

Research questions

• RQ1 What detector design is required to achieve the highest precision in Higgs boson property measurements at the ILC?
• RQ2 How can two detectors be efficiently shared via a push-pull mechanism without compromising luminosity or performance?
• RQ3 What technical challenges remain for the ILC detector systems, and can they be resolved before construction?
• RQ4 How do the ILD and SiD detectors compare in performance for key physics channels such as Higgs couplings and top quark measurements?
• RQ5 What is the expected performance of the detectors at 250 GeV (Z⁰ pole) and 1 TeV center-of-mass energy?

Key findings

• The ILC accelerator design, based on superconducting radio-frequency technology with niobium cavities, has no unresolved technical issues and is ready for immediate construction upon site selection.
• The ILD and SiD detectors are fully designed and optimized for high-precision measurements at 500 GeV, with performance validated through detailed simulations.
• The push-pull configuration enables both detectors to share the ILC luminosity efficiently, minimizing downtime and maximizing physics output.
• At 250 GeV, the detectors are capable of measuring Higgs boson couplings with sub-percent precision, significantly improving on current LHC capabilities.
• At 1 TeV, the detectors are expected to achieve excellent sensitivity to new physics beyond the Standard Model, including heavy resonances and anomalous couplings.
• Comprehensive value estimates and associated uncertainties are provided, confirming the technical and economic feasibility of the ILC project as a whole.